This section is entirely optional. You’ve learned a few interesting tricks in this lab, and perhaps you’re wondering how you can do them in Emacs, which you may be a little more familiar with at present. This section is aimed at addressing that desire, albeit very briefly.

To process selected text, such as a shell-command fragment, and replace it with its output, use C-u M-|. If you use just M-|, the results will be shown in a new buffer. Similar to that is C-c M-!, which you simply give a shell-command, and it will input the command’s output into your document.

Global search and replace, with confirmation, can be very easily achieved with M-%. If you want to use a regular expression instead, use C-M-%. If nothing is selected, it operates from the current point to the end of the buffer.

Vim’s modelines are referred to as “file variables” in Emacs, and can be specified alongside Vim modelines. For further help, you can use the menu entry Help > Search Documentation > Look up Subject in User Manual... > file variables. Here is an example showing both Vim and Emacs:

/* vim: softtabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 expandtab
 */

#include <stdio.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    puts("Hello, world!");
}

/*
  Local Variables:
  mode:c
  c-basic-offset:4
  compile-command: "make hello CC='gcc -std=c99' CFLAGS='-O2 -Wall -Werror'"
  End:
*/

However, for stylistic sort of settings that generally get applied to multiple files, it can be better to put such material into a directory variable instead, which goes into a file .dir-locals.el.